


In practice, however, several of these "modifier letters" are also used as full graphemes, e.g. Thus, tʰ is a single IPA symbol, distinct from t.

For example, ʰ should not occur on its own but modifies the preceding or following symbol. A "modifier letter" is strictly intended not as an independent grapheme but as a modification of the preceding character resulting in a distinct grapheme, notably in the context of the International Phonetic Alphabet. Finally, these phonetic alphabets make use of modifier letters. Combining diacritics also adds meaning to the phonetic text. Phonetic scripts, such as the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) make use of letters from other writing systems: most notably Latin, Greek and Cyrillic. 3 Semantic phonemes and character names.2.6 Superscripts and Subscripts (U+2070–209F).2.5 Modifier Tone Letters (U+A700–A71F).2.4 Phonetic Extensions Supplement (U+1D80–1DBF).2.2 Spacing Modifier Letters (U+02B0–02FF).
